Actions of Hitler
by: Julia Stephenson
Early life of Hitler
Anti-Semitism:
- left school at 16 without graduating
- went to Vienna in hops of becoming an artist
- was denied being an artist, began to entertain himself with odd jobs
- in Vienna he learned to hate Jewish and Marxist people (he believed they had formed a secret union intent on destroying the world.)
- hated liberalism and democracy
- moved to Germany after living in Vienna
- served (well and with honors) in the Great War
- joined and became chairman of the National Socialist German Workers Party
- attempted to overthrow the Republic
- Hitler was imprisoned for this reason
- released from jail with new tactics and stronger desires
- reorganized his movements
- determined to gain power legally, and through vote/ballot
- **attracted "outcasts" or "aliens" of society to join Nahim**
- also attracted the people who were frightened by socialist revolution
- A significant number of people blamed German democracy for the occuring misfortunes:
- Treaty of Versailles, identified Germany as the reason for the Great War
- hyperinflation that wiped out savings of the middle class
- suffering from Great Depression
- fighting amongst nation's major political parties
- Adolf Hitler promised to end all of these things by creating new order
- stressed anti-semitism (prejudice against Jews)
- Nazis avoided class divisions by gaining followers from all strata of society
- appealed to mostly lower-middle class (shopkeepers, artisans, farmers, white collar workers, and disenchanted students)
- the Nazi Party became the largest party within parliament
- Chancellor position offered to Hitler, who quickly turned the dying republic into a total dictatorship
- Nazi power suppressed German communist and socialist parties, and virtually ended all constitutional and civil rights the people held before
- made it against the law to create a new "party" (only could you participate in Nazi)
- guided the destruction of trade unions
- eliminated collective bargaining
- prohibited strikes and lockouts
- removed police forces and enemies of the regime through murder
- Nazi's launched a campaign to increase the number of births
- authorities encouraged marriage at young ages
- men could only get a divorce if their wife was not able to conceive
- regime outlawed abortion, closed birth control centers, restricted birth control devices and made family planning access hard to get to
- pronatalist propoganda: to increase births
- regime put into motion a cult of motherhood
- August 12th (Hitler's mother's birthday) women who bored many children received the "Honor Cross of the German Mother"
- Bronze: four or more children
- Silver: six or more children
- Gold: more than eight children
Anti-Semitism:
- trademark of the National Socialist ideology
- used religious descent to determine who was a Jew
- discriminatory laws were designed to humiliate and impoverish Jews
- Nuremberg Law denied German Jews of their citizenship and prohibited marriaged and intercourse between Jews and Germans
- regime cooperated with banks and government agency to eliminate Jews completely from economic life and to take away what wealth they had
- Jewish civil servants lost their jobs, and others lost gentile (non Jewish) customers
- official goal of the Nazi's was Jewish emigration (for the Jews to leave)
- however, when Jews left Germany, they were deprived of many leading scientists and artists.
- "Night of Broken Glass": Kristallnacht
- arranged for the destruction of thousands of Jewish stores
- burning of all synagogues
- murder of more than 100 Jews throughout Austria and Germany
- many more Jews fled (250,000) leaving the especially poor and elderly behind in uncertainty
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